Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is what happens to a dilute gas when it is made very cold, near absolute zero (0 K which equals −273.15 °C or −459.67 °F). It forms when the particles that make it up have very low energy. A Bose–Einstein condensate is a change of state.
What is Bose-Einstein condensate used for?
One application for BEC is for the building of so-called atom lasers, which could have applications ranging from atomic-scale lithography to measurement and detection of gravitational fields.
What are the examples of BEC in real life situation?
A BEC ( Bose – Einstein condensate ) is a state of matter of a dilute gas of bosons cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero is called BEC. Examples – Superconductors and superfluids are the two examples of BEC.
Who discovered fermionic condensate?
The first atomic fermionic condensate was created by a team led by Deborah S. Jin in 2003.
What is the difference between Bose-Einstein Condensate and fermionic condensate?
The only difference is that Bose-Einstein condensates are made up of bosons, and are social with each other (in groups, or clumps). Fermi condensates are anti-social (they don’t attract each other at all). This has to be done artificially.
What is the 6th state of matter?
The fermionic condensate is a cloud of cold potassium atoms forced into a state where they behave strangely. The new matter is the sixth known form of matter after solids, liquids, gases, plasma and a Bose-Einstein condensate, created only in 1995.
What makes Bose-Einstein condensate so weird?
Core Concept: How Bose–Einstein condensates keep revealing weird physics. When bosonic atoms are cooled to form a condensate, they can lose their individuality. They behave like one big collective superatom, analogous to how photons become indistinguishable in a laser beam. But it’s even weirder than that.
What does Bose-Einstein condensate feel like?
It looks like a dense little lump in the bottom of the magnetic trap/bowl; kind of like a drop of water condensing out of damp air onto a cold bowl. When it first forms, though, the condensate is still surrounded by the normal gas atoms, so it looks a bit like a pit inside a cherry.
How can a Bose-Einstein condensate be formed?
In condensed matter physics, a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero (−273.15 °C or −459.67 °F).
Is a Bose-Einstein condensate a superfluid?
Superfluidity of Bose-Einstein condensates in ultracold atomic gases. Liquid helium 4 had been the only bosonic superfluid available in experiments for a long time. The new superfluid, Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), offers various aspects of advantages over liquid helium.
What is the Gross-Pitaevskii model?
The Gross-Pitaevskii model is an extension of the Schrödinger equation, and it is given by [ 2, 3 ] where represents mass, is the interaction potential, and is the intensity of atomic interaction. The study of solutions for this equation is relevant in both ways, theoretical and applied viewpoints.
Why is the Gross–Pitaevskii equation non-linear?
The non-linearity of the Gross–Pitaevskii equation has its origin in the interaction between the particles: When setting the coupling constant of interaction in the Gross–Pitaevskii equation to zero (see the following section): thereby, the single-particle Schrödinger equation describing a particle inside a trapping potential is recovered.
What is the Bogoliubov treatment of the Gross–Pitaevskii equation?
Bogoliubov treatment of the Gross–Pitaevskii equation is a method that finds the elementary excitations of a Bose–Einstein condensate. To that purpose, the condensate wavefunction is approximated by a sum of the equilibrium wavefunction
