Perhaps the most widely used mouse model of colitis employs dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), a chemical colitogen with anticoagulant properties, to induce disease. DSS is a water-soluble, negatively charged sulfated polysaccharide with a highly variable molecular weight ranging from 5 to 1400 kDa.
What is sodium dextran sulfate?
Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) is a sulfated polysaccharide with variable molecular weights. Administration of DSS causes human ulcerative colitis-like pathologies due to its toxicity to colonic epithelial cells, which results in compromised mucosal barrier function.
How does dextran sodium sulfate work?
DSS: Dextran sodium sulfate. In various protocols, 40-50 kDa DSS is added to sterilized drinking water at various concentrations to produce the desired inflammatory effect. At this molecular weight the tissue distribution reveals that DSS penetrates the mucosal membrane of the intestine[4].
What is DSS inflammation?
DSS-induced Model For Studying Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Our DSS model is a chemically-induced study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) using dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in drinking water that induces ulcerative colitis-like inflammation.
Is dextran a carbohydrate?
The name dextran was created by Scheibler in 1874, who demonstrated dextran was a carbohydrate with the formula (C6H10O6)n and a positive optical rotation. 2. Dextrans are polysaccharides with molecular weights ≥1,000 Dalton, which have a linear backbone of α-linked d-glucopyranosyl repeating units.
Can colitis be cured?
Ulcerative colitis can be debilitating and can sometimes lead to life-threatening complications. While it has no known cure, treatment can greatly reduce signs and symptoms of the disease and bring about long-term remission.
What is DSS protocol?
Digital Signature Standard (DSS) is a Federal Information Processing Standard(FIPS) which defines algorithms that are used to generate digital signatures with the help of Secure Hash Algorithm(SHA) for the authentication of electronic documents.
Is dextran biodegradable?
As a biodegradable polymer, dextran (a polysaccharide consisting predominantly of 1,6-glucosidic linkages) is very attractive because of its colloidal biocompatibility and because it is already widely used in commercial drug formulations.
Why is dextran used?
Dextran is a medication used in managing and treating various clinical conditions, including during hemorrhage, shock, surgical procedures, radiological imaging, antithrombotic administration, and ophthalmic relief of xerophthalmia.
Is colitis a lifelong disease?
Ulcerative colitis is a lifelong condition that can have mild to severe symptoms.
