allotype. / (ˈæləˌtaɪp) / noun. biology an additional type specimen selected because of differences from the original type specimen, such as opposite sex or morphological details.
Where are allotypes found?
In addition to antibody isotypes and subtypes, allelic variation is found among the antibody subtypes. These polymorphic epitopes of immunoglobulins that can differ between individuals and ethnic groups are known as allotypes.
What is isotype and allotype?
Isotype and allotype are terms that relate to the structure of a component of the immune system that is called an immunoglobulin. Immunoglobulins bind their corresponding antigen .
Are allotpyes isoallotypic?
Allotpyes have been identified on the g1, g3 and a2 heavy chains (designated G1m, G3m and A2m allotypes respectively) and on the kappa light chain (Km allotypes). Although variants of g2 and g4 exist these are isoallotypic as the amino acids present are also found in other subclasses. The remainder of this page will focus on G1m allotypes.
What is the meaning of allotype?
The word allotype comes from two Greek roots, allo meaning ‘other or differing from the norm’ and typos meaning ‘mark’. In immunology, allotype is an immunoglobulin variation (in addition to isotypic variation) that can be found among antibody classes and is manifested by heterogeneity of immunoglobulins present in a single vertebrate species.
What is the difference between antibody isotype and allotype?
In addition to antibody isotypes and subtypes, allelic variation is found among the antibody subtypes. These polymorphic epitopes of immunoglobulins that can differ between individuals and ethnic groups are known as allotypes. Exposure of an individual to a non-self allotype can induce an anti-allotype response (1, 2).
What is an example of a G2M allotype?
An example is IgG2 proteins for which reagents are available that identify a G2m (n) allotype and allow IgG2 paraproteins to be designated G2m (n +) or G2m (n − ); a reagent is not available that specifically recognizes G2m (n −) molecules.
