Alphavirus is a genus of RNA viruses, the sole genus in the Togaviridae family. Alphaviruses belong to group IV of the Baltimore classification of viruses, with a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome….
| Alphavirus | |
|---|---|
| Family: | Togaviridae |
| Genus: | Alphavirus |
| Species |
What does Togaviridae cause?
The Togaviridae include the major causes of infectious arthropod-borne equine encephalitides and are divided into two main groups: the Alphaviridae—including Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), Western equine encephalitis (WEE), and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE)—and the Flaviviridae, including West Nile virus ( …
Does Togavirus have DNA?
Togaviruses (family Togaviridae) are enveloped and icosahedral viruses that possess a positive-sense single-strand RNA genome of 11 kb.
How is Togaviridae transmitted?
Epidemiology: Togaviruses are largely transmitted via mosquitoes. Chikungunya virus, an emerging virus, caused a massive outbreak in some countries in Africa including Kenya and Madagascar in 2004–2006. VEEV, a zoonotic virus, could infect birds, horses, and human. VEEV infection causes rash, fever, and encephalitis.
What family is rubella virus?
Rubella virus is an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus classified as a Rubivirus in the Matonaviridae family.
What is the meaning of togaviridae?
Medical Definition of Togaviridae : a family of single-stranded RNA viruses that have a spherical virion about 70 nanometers in diameter and that include the causative agents of German measles and the three forms of equine encephalitis — see alphavirus, rubivirus.
Are all Togaviruses arboviruses?
togavirus, any of three genera of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) of the family Togaviridae. Flaviviruses, once considered to be of the Togaviridae, are now designated as members of a separate family, Flaviviridae.
What diseases are caused by arbovirus?
These infections usually occur during warm weather months, when mosquitoes and ticks are active. Examples include California encephalitis, Chikungunya, dengue, Eastern equine encephalitis, Powassan, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile, Yellow Fever, and Zika.
How do Alphaviruses replicate?
Alphavirus replication is dependent on the protease of the viral nsP2 protein, which is located in the C-terminal domain of nsP2 and cleaves the nsP1234 non-structural polyprotein into functional components. The catalytic dyad of the Sindbis virus nsP2 peptidase (C09.
How does rubella affect the body?
Congenital rubella syndrome can disrupt the development of the baby and cause serious birth defects, such as heart abnormalities, deafness, and brain damage. It’s important to get treatment right away if you’re pregnant and suspect you have German measles.
How long is rubella contagious?
When and for how long is a person able to spread rubella? Rubella may be transmitted from seven days before to seven days after the rash appears.
What is Togaviridae family?
The Togaviridae family is organized into two genera, Alphavirus and Rubivirus. Alphaviruses are mainly arthropod borne viruses and responsible for such diseases in humans as encephalitis, and arthritis. The sole member of the Rubivirus genus is the Rubella virus, which is the causative agent for the common childhood disease, rubella. II.
What is the taxonomy of the icictv virus?
ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Togaviridae, Journal of General Virology, 99, 761–762. Togaviridae is a family of small, enveloped viruses with single-stranded positive-sense RNA genomes of 10–12 kb (Table 1.Togaviridae).
What is Alphavirus genus?
Within the family, the Alphavirus genus includes a large number of species that are mostly mosquito-borne and pathogenic in their vertebrate hosts. Many are important human and veterinary pathogens (e.g. chikungunya virus, eastern equine encephalitis virus).
What are the treatment options for togavirus infections?
Treatment for togavirus infections is generally supportive in order to manage symptoms or complications. IX. Prevention An effective measure in preventing rubella is through childhood immunizations using the MMR (Measles, Mumps Rubella) vaccine. There are no human vaccines available for the prevention of the alphavirus diseases.
